《水浒传》的文学常识大全

　　《水浒传》是一部描写反抗封建暴政的英雄传奇的小说，作者是施耐庵，全书描写北宋末年以宋江为首的108人在山东梁山泊聚义的故事。

"Water Margin" is a novel describing the hero legend of anti -feudal tyranny. The author is Shi Naiyu. The book describes the story of 108 people led by Song Jiang in the late Northern Song Dynasty.

　　阅读感受：

Reading Feelings:

　　①人物形象鲜明生动惟妙惟肖;②本书采取了先分后合的链式结构，使小说的故事情节环环相扣，头绪众多而线索分明;③语言上，小说采用古白话，所以语言描写生动形象，活灵活现。

① The character image is vivid and vivid and wonderful; ② This book adopts a chain structure of the first division and then combined, so that the storyline of the novel is intertwined, with many clues and clear clues.The image is lively.

　　人物——典型情节——性格特征：

Character -Typical plot -Personality characteristics:

　　①鲁智深(花和尚)：拳打镇关西、倒拔垂杨柳、大闹野猪林。嫉恶如仇、俠肝义胆、粗中有细、勇而有谋、豁达明理。

① Lu Zhishen (flower monk): Fisting towns Kansai, inverted willow, and wild pig forest.Jewelry like hatred, chivalry, boldness, thickness, courage and conspiracy, open -minded.

　　②武松(行者)：血刃潘金莲、斗杀西门庆、 醉打蒋门神、大闹飞云浦、血溅鸳鸯楼、除恶蜈蚣岭。崇尚忠义、勇而有谋、有仇必复、有恩必报，(不足：滥杀无辜)是下层英雄好汉中最富有血性和传奇色彩的人物。

② Wusong (Walkman): Blood Blade Pan Jinlian, Dou Ximen Qing, Drunk Jiang Men Shen, Daisu Yuoyun, Blood Splash Tower, and remove evil ridges.Advocating loyalty, courage and conspiracy, having hatred, and grace must be reported. (Insufficient: Disadvisive and killing innocent) is the most bloody and legendary character in the lower hero.

　　③吴用(智多星)：智取生辰纲。足智多谋、神机妙算。

③ Wu Yong (Zhi Duo Xing): Wisdom takes birthday outline.Wivalent, plot and magical machine.

　　④林冲(豹子头)：误闯白虎堂、风雪山神庙、火烧草料场、雪夜上梁山。武艺高强、勇而有谋，但为人安分守己、循规蹈矩、被逼上梁山。

④ Lin Chong (Leopard Head): By mistaken for Baihu Hall, Fengxue Mountain Temple, Fire Flower Field, and Snow Night on Liangshan.Martial arts are strong and courageous, but they are in peace, follow the rules, and be forced to go to Liangshan.

　　⑤李逵(黑旋风)：真假李逵、中州劫法场。嫉恶如仇、俠肝义胆、脾气火爆、头脑简单、直爽率真。

⑤ Li Yan (black whirlwind): true and false Li Yan, Zhongzhou robbery field.Jewelry like hatred, chivalry boldness, hot temper, simple mind, and straightforward rate.

　　⑥宋江(及时雨)：私放晁盖、怒杀阎婆惜、三打祝家庄。为人仗义善于用人，但总想招安。

⑥ Song Jiang (timely rain): privately put on the cover, kill Yan Po Xi, three dozen wishes to the Jiazhuang.For people to be good at employment, but always want to recruit peace.

　　⑦杨志(青面兽)：杨志卖刀、智取生辰纲。精明能干、粗暴蛮横。

⑦ Yang Zhi (green beast): Yang Zhi sells knives and obtains the outline of his birthday.Smart and capable, rough and rough.

　　内容简答题：

Content brief answer:

　　1.“水浒寨中屯节侠，梁山泊内聚英雄”这幅对联写的是《水浒传》的内容。

1. "Water Margin Village Zhongtun Jie, Liangshanbo's Hero Gathering Heroes" is the content of "Water Margin".

　　2.在《水浒传》中，绰号为“智多星”的人是吴用，也被称为”赛诸葛”。他与一伙好汉在“黄冈泥上巧施功”，干的一件大事是智取生辰纲(花石纲)。

2. In "Water Margin", the person nicknamed "Zhi Duo Xing" is Wu Yong, also known as "Sai Zhuge".He and a group of good guys in "Huanggang Mud done" on the "Huanggang Mud", and a major thing was to take the outline of the birthday (Huashi Gang).

　　3.《水浒传》中冒充李逵拦路打劫,后被李逵一刀打翻在地的人是李鬼。

3. In "Water Margin", Li Yan was impersonated by Li Yan to rob the road, and the person who was overturned by Li Yan was Li Gui.

　　4.《水浒传》中三位女将是谁 ? 她们的绰号是什么?

4. Who is the three women in "Water Margin"? What is their nickname?

　　①扈三娘、一丈青 ②孙二娘、母夜叉 ③顾大嫂、母大虫

① 、 San Niang, Yizhang Qing ② Sun Er Niang, Mother Night Forbar ③ Gu Dajie, Mother Big Worm

　　5.请用简练的语言说出《水浒传》中英雄好汉们性格上的共同特征?

5. Please say the common characteristics of the heroes in "Water Margin" in concise language?

　　答：爱打抱不平，重友情，讲义气。

Answer: Love is uneven, pays attention to friendship, and speaks of meaning.

　　6.中国有一部古典名著，它最早的德文译名是《强盗与士兵》，法文译名是《中国的勇士们》，英文译名是《在河边发生的故事》。这部名著是《水浒传》。

6. There is a classic masterpiece in China. Its earliest German translation is "Robber and Soldiers", French translation is "Chinese Warriors", and English translation is "The Story of the River".This masterpiece is "Water Margin".

　　7.“花和尚倒拔垂杨柳，豹子头误入白虎堂”是名著《水浒传》中的一个回目，其中”豹子头”指的是林冲。

7. "Flower monks droop their willow, and leopard heads into the White Tiger Hall" is a look in the famous book "Water Margin".

　　8.我国古典名著《水浒传》塑造了一大批血肉丰满、性格鲜明的农民起义英雄形象，请列举有关人物(不少于5人)

8. Our classical masterpiece "Water Margin" has shaped a large number of flesh and blood and distinctive farmers uprising heroes. Please list relevant characters (not less than 5)

　　答：“及时雨”宋江、“智多星”吴用、“豹子头”林冲、“黑旋风”李逵、“青面兽”杨志、“花和尚”鲁智深、“一丈青”扈三娘、“母夜叉”孙二娘、“母大虫”顾大嫂。

Answer: "Timely Rain" Song Jiang, "Zhi Duo Xing" Wu Yong, "Leopard Head" Lin Chong, "Black Whirlwind" Li Zhi, "Green Facial Beast" Yang Zhi, "Flower Monk" Lu Zhishen, "Yizhang Green", "Mother Night fork" Sun Er Niang, "Mother Big Worm" Gu Da.

　　9.“醉打蒋门神”、“大闹飞云浦”、“血溅鸳鸯楼”等情节说的是这部名著中另一位英雄人物武松的故事。

9. The plots such as "drunk Jiang Men Shen", "Dazuyun Yunpu", and "Blood Splash Tower" are telling the story of Wu Song, another hero in this masterpiece.

　　10.《水浒传》中“智取生辰纲”的是哪几位好汉?各自的绰号是什么?

10. What are the good men in "Water Margin"? What are their nicknames?

　　答：晁盖：晁天王 ;陆云龙：公孙胜;吴用：智多星;阮小二：立地太岁;阮小五：短命三郎;阮小七：话阎罗;刘塘：赤发鬼;白胜：白日暑。

Answer: Gai Gai: King of Heaven; Lu Yunlong: Gongsun Sheng; Wu Yong: Zhi Duo Xing; Ruan Xiaoshi: Lidi Tai Sui; Ruan Xiaowu: Short Life Saburo; Ruan Xiaoqi: Yan Luo; Liu Tang: Akashi Ghost; Bai Sheng: Bai Sheng: Bai Sheng: Bai Sheng:Summer summer.

　　11.“风雪山神庙”是哪部书的情节?涉及到哪两个人物，性格怎样?

11. Which book is the "Snow Mountain Temple"? Which two characters are involved and what is the personality?

　　答：林冲：逆来顺受;陆骞：阴险狡诈出卖朋友。

Answer: Lin Chong: Return to the opposite;

　　12.请写出《水浒传》中最典型的反面人物高俅。

12. Please write the most typical negative characters in "Water Margin".

　　13.《水浒》中身怀绝技的三位英雄：善盗的是鼓上蚤时迁、善射的是小李广花荣、善行的是神行太保戴宗。

13. Three heroes in the "Water Margin": The good stolen is the time to move the flea on the drum.

　　14.武松在血溅鸳鸯楼，杀死西门庆等人后，在墙上写了哪八个字?“杀人者，打虎武松也”。

14. After Wu Song splashed the tower, after killing Ximen Qing and others, which eight words were written on the wall?

　　15.“万卷经书曾读过，平生机巧心灵，六韬三略究来精。胸中藏战将，腹内隐雄兵。谋略敢欺诸葛亮，陈平岂敌才能。略施小计鬼神惊。”这首诗赞美的是哪位好汉，他有怎样的性格特点?写出与他有关的情节。

15. "Wanjuan scriptures have been read. They have a clever heart in their lives."Which good man praised this poem, what kind of personality characteristics did he have? Write the plot related to him.

　　答：吴用，沉着、冷静、足智多谋;智取生辰纲、智取大明府、智取文安县、排九宫八卦阵。

Answer: Wu Yong is calm, calm, and resourceful; he is intellectual to take the outline of life, take Daming House, Zhi Wen'an County, and Pai Jiu Palace gossip array.

　　16.《水浒》主要人物有及时雨宋江，行者武松，花和尚鲁智深、黑旋风李逵等。

16. The main characters in "Water Margin" are timely rain Song Jiang, Walker Wu Song, Hua Mi Lu Zhishen, Black Whirlwind Li Yan, etc.

　　17.《水浒传》中 “大闹野猪林”涉及到哪两个重要人物，他们的性格怎样?

17. In "Water Margin", which two important characters are involved in the "Big Wild Pig Forest" and what is their personality?

　　答：鲁智深：性格粗犷，敢作敢当为朋友两肋插刀;林冲：逆来顺受，武艺高强。

Answer: Lu Zhishen: Rough personality, dare to be a friend who is a friend; Lin Chong: Return to follow, martial arts is high.

　　18.《水浒传》中写出林冲性格中逆来顺受，委曲求全转变成奋起反抗，杀人报仇，投奔梁山的情节是：林教头风雪山神庙，陆虞侯火烧草料场。

18. In the "Water Margin", Lin Chong's personality was observed in the character, and the plot of the plot of the murderer, killing and aversion, and to Liangshan was: Linjiao Temple Temple, Lu Yuhou burned the grass field.

　　19.《水浒传》中有108位好汉个个都有一段精彩的故事，人人都有一个特征鲜明的外号。

19. There are 108 good men in "Water Margin" all have a wonderful story, and everyone has a distinctive nickname.

　　(1)请用一句话写出《水浒传》中你最熟悉的故事：例如：智取生辰纲

(1) Please write in one sentence to write the most familiar story in "Water Margin": for example: Wisdom to take the birthplace outline

　　(2)请写出《水浒传》中你喜欢的一位好汉的外号，并说出此外号表现出的人物特征：

(2) Please write the nickname of a good man in "Water Margin", and say that the characteristics of the characters showed:

　　例如：鼓上蚤时迁 轻功上乘善于偷盗

For example: Moving the light work when the flea is on the drum is good at stealing

　　20.我们所熟知的打虎英雄是《水浒传》中的武松，他在该书中有许多脍炙人口的事迹，如手刃潘金莲，斗杀西门庆，为兄报仇。在快活林里醉打蒋门神。

20. The hero we know is Wu Song in "Water Margin". He has many popular deeds in the book, such as Pan Jinlian, killing Ximen Qing, and avenge his brother.Drunk Jiang Men Shen in the happy forest.

　　21.绰号豹子头的林冲，原为东京八十万禁军教头，后被高俅设计误入白虎节堂，刺配沧州，后雪夜上梁山。

21. Lin Chong, nicknamed the leopard head, was originally a head of the 800,000 embargo in Tokyo. After being designed by Gao Yan, he was mistakenly entered into the White Tiger Hall.

　　22.《水浒》塑造了一大批栩栩如生的人物形象。作者在刻画这些人物时，非常注意他们之间的共性和个性，如同是疾恶如仇、侠肝义胆、脾气火爆的人物形象，但鲁智深粗中有细，豁达明理;李逵头脑简单，直爽率真。

22. "Water Margin" shaped a large number of lifelike characters.When portraying these characters, the author pays great attention to the commonality and personality between them. It is like a character image of diseases and evils, chivalry and gallbladder, and a hot temper, but Lu Zhi is deep and thin, and the straightforwardness is simple and straightforward.

　　23.“自幼曾攻经史，长成亦有权谋。恰如猛虎卧丘……他时若遂凌云志，敢笑黄巢不丈夫” 这是宋江在浔阳楼写的反诗。

23. "He has attacked the history since he was a child, and he has been in power. It is just like the tiger and the hills ... He Sui Ruosui Ling Yunzhi, dare to laugh at Huang Chao and not husbands." This is the anti -poem written by Song Jiang in the Puyang Tower.

　　24.请在下面横线上填入相关的内容。

24. Please fill in related content on the horizontal line below.

　　一部《水浒传》，塑造了多少流传百世的英雄形象，点亮了多少闪耀天空的罡煞之星。话说梁山第十四条好汉武松，为兄报仇怒杀西门庆、潘金莲;发配孟州途中，在十字坡酒店结识孙二娘(母夜叉);醉打蒋门神，替施恩(金眼彪)夺回快活林(孟州道);大闹飞云浦，血溅鸳鸯楼，为躲避官府缉捕，削发扮成行者;夜走蜈蚣岭，痛杀王道人……正是：“山中猛虎，见时魄散魂飞;林下强人，撞着心惊胆裂。”

A "Water Margin" has shaped how many heroes circulating in the hundreds of generations, and how many shining sky stars that shine in the sky.It is said that Article 14 of Liangshan is a good Han Wusong, who revenge and anger Ximen Qing and Pan Jinlian for his brother; during the matching of Mengzhou, meet Sun Erniang (mother Yasha) at the Cross Po.Happy forest (Mengzhou Road); flying to Yunpu, blood splashing tower, in order to avoid the arrest of the government government, cut hair as a walk;San soul flying; strong people under the forest, bumping into heartbroken. "

　　25.某剧院前贴出一张海报，上写“豹子头刊金印后，野猪林伏洒家前”。据此，可猜测这场戏与《水浒》中林冲、鲁达(智深)两位英雄有关。

25. A poster posted in front of a theater, "After the leopard was published in the gold seal, the wild boar forest was sprinkled in front of the house".Based on this, it is guessing that the play is related to the two heroes in Lin Chong and Luda (Zhishen) in "Water Margin".

　　26.《水浒传》中从最初占据水泊梁山到梁山好汉聚齐一百零八位直至被朝廷招安,梁山寨主先后共有三位，他们是王伦、晁盖、宋江。

26. In the "Water Margin", from the original occupation of Shuibo Liangshan to Liangshan Haohan, 108, until the court was recruited, there were three masters of Liang Cotton. They were Wang Lun, Gai, and Song Jiang.

　　27.《水浒传》是描写我国古代农民起义的伟大史诗。请写出你所熟悉的两个故事。

27. "Water Margin" is a great epic describing the ancient peasant uprising in my country.Please write two stories you are familiar with.

　　①武松景阳冈打虎 ②鲁提辖拳打镇关西 ③林教头风雪山神庙 ④智取生辰纲。

① Wusong Jingyanggang Battle Tiger ② Lu Ti Jurisha Kansai ③ The Temple of the Forest Religion Terrace ④ Wisdom to take the birth of the birthday.

　　28.鲁智深绰号花和尚，他在渭州三拳打死镇关西，在相国寺倒拔垂杨柳，在野猪林救林冲。

28. Lu Zhishen nicknamed the Monk of Hua. He killed the town of Kansai in Sanquan, Weizhou, pulled the willow in Xiangguo Temple, and saved Lin Chong in the wild pig forest.

　　29.《水浒传》中坚决反对招安的将领：李逵、武松;主张招安的将领：宋江、吴用。

29. In "Water Margin", the generals who resolutely oppose Zhao'an: Li Yan and Wu Song; the generals who advocate Zha'an: Song Jiang and Wu Yong.

　　30.请写出《水浒传》中,身怀绝技的人物及绰号,简单说出其擅长的绝技。

30. Please write about the characters and nicknames in "Water Margin", and simply say that they are good at stunts.

　　①时迁，鼓上蚤，擅偷 ②花荣，小李广，擅射箭 ③戴宗，神行太保，擅神行之术。

① Time to move, the flea on the drum, good at stealing ② Huorong, Xiao Li Guang, good at archery ③ Dai Zong, Shenxing Tai Bao, good at God's skills.

　　31.梁山一百单八将中第一个出场的是史进，他的绰号是九纹龙。

31. Liangshan's first one hundred and eight to play was Shi Jin, and his nickname was Jiubi Dragon.

　　32.《水浒传》中，有两位打虎英雄，在沂岭杀四虎的是李逵;在景阳岗打虎的是武松。

32. In "Water Margin", there are two heroes who play tigers who kill the four tigers in Yiling; it is Wu Song who hit the tiger in Jingyang Gang.

　　34.中国第一部歌颂农民起义的长篇章回体小说是施耐庵写的《水浒传》。它描写了北宋徽宗时，以宋江为首的108名好汉在水泊梁山聚义，打家劫舍，杀富济贫的豪举。鲜明地表现了“官逼民反”的主题。美国女作家赛珍珠将它译成英文时定名为“四海之内皆兄弟”。

34. China's first long chapters of the peasant uprising novels are "Water Margin" written by Shi Naiya.It described the 108 good men headed by Song Jiang in the Northern Song Dynasty.The theme of "officials forced the people" is clearly expressed.American female writer Sai Pearl translated it into English as "Brothers in the Four Seas".

　　35.《水浒》的结构很有特点，作者采取了先分后合的链式结构。第四十回回以前先讲单个英雄人物的故事，然后百川汇海，逐步发展到水泊梁山大聚义。第70回以后，写他们归顺朝廷，走向失败。

35. The structure of "Water Margin" is very characteristic.In the 40s, I told the story of a single hero, and then Baichuan Huihai gradually developed into Shuibang Liangshan.After the 70th round, they wrote that they returned to the court and failed.

　　36.杨志在汴梁买刀时不堪牛二的撩拨将他杀了，后怕连累他人主动去官府自首;鲁智深替金氏父女打抱不平，三拳打死镇关西后用智逃脱。你怎么评价这两位英雄好汉的做法?

36. When Yang Zhi bought a knife in Liangliang, he couldn't help killing him, and then he was afraid that the other people would take the initiative to surrender to the government. Lu Zhishen escaped with wisdom after killing the Zhen Kansai for Kansai.How do you evaluate the practice of these two heroes?

　　例如：我赞美鲁智深的做法，他深深知道封建官府的黑暗与腐败，如果投案自首，等于自投罗网，绝没好下场。我也佩服杨志的为人，敢作敢当，不连累他人才称得起真正的英雄好汉。

For example: I praise Lu Zhishen's approach. He deeply knows the darkness and corruption of the feudal government.I also admire Yang Zhi's people, dare to do it, and do not even affect others' talents.

　　37.《水浒传》中的英雄性格各不相同，但却同样义薄云天，请你举出两位能体现这种“义气”的英雄人物及其相应事例简单作答。

37. The heroes in "Water Margin" are different, but they are also thin and cloudy. Please give you two heroes who can reflect this "righteousness" and their corresponding examples.

　　①鲁达。鲁达义救金氏父女，拳打镇关西。

① Luda.Luda rescued Jin's father and daughter, punched the town of Kansai.

　　②武松。武松为替施恩夺回店铺，大闹快活林，醉打蒋门神。

② Wu Song.In order to recapture the shop for Shi En, Wu Song made a huge forest and drunk Jiang Men Shen.

　　38.《水浒传》是以描写农民战争为主要题材,通过一系列官逼民反统治阶级的生动故事,揭示了当时的社会矛盾,暴露了残暴和腐朽，歌颂了受压迫人民的反抗精神。

38. "Water Margin" is based on describing the war of farmers. It reveals the social contradictions of the time through a series of official stories of the government's anti -traditional class, exposing the brutality and decay of the people, and praising the spirit of oppressive people.

　　39.《水浒》中的英雄性格各不相同，但在“义”这一点上却是共同的。晁盖劫取生辰纲是“义”，宋江私放晁盖是

39. The heroes in "Water Margin" are different, but they are common in the "righteousness" point.The looting of the life is "righteous", and Song Jiang privately puts the cover cover.